Title not available in English

Abstract

This article points out the main DHS/BEMFAM 1996 findings and suggests a research agenda concerning reproductive health. Available data give a positive portrait of the demographic Brazilian situation: sustained decrease of infant mortality levels, improvement of health conditions, longer breastfeeding periods and relatively low levels of infant and maternal under nutrition. It shows low fertility levels, consistent with a small family size desired and intensive use of contraception. The relatively high proportion of pregnancies due to modern contraception failure and discontinuation rates due to side effects are remarked. Hence the hypotheses of insufficient knowledge of contraception and few available options of the Brazilian population for family planning is outlined. Deep research on the following issues are suggested: a) remaining fertility differentials and perspectives on levels and patterns homogenization; b) motivation, determinants and implementation of desired family size using longitudinal and cross sectional studies; c) gender equality and women empowerment concerning reproduction; d) reproductive health among different population groups in order to identify population at higher risks. The diagnosis shall include epidemiology of STD and HIV/AIDS, sexuality and gender relations and the most at-risk population groups, as adolescents; e) morbidity and mortality, emphasizing situation of basic health care and safe pregnancy and delivery.