La nueva crisis de los refugiados en Europa: una revisita del modelo de repulsión-atracción y los desafíos de las nuevas políticas migratorias
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0016Palabras clave:
Refugiados, Migración, Europa, Protección internacionalResumen
El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar sobre los retos que resultan de los nuevos flujos de refugiados dirigidos a Europa desde el inicio de la segunda década del siglo XXI. Con el fin de explicar la nueva crisis de refugiados, se revisita el modelo de push-pull y se enfrenta la agencia –las razones individuales que inducen la migración– con la interferencia de la estructura –los factores económicos, sociales y políticos que explican el aumento de los flujos–, teniendo em cuenta la dinámica y el funcionamiento del marco legal vigente en el contexto europeo. A pesar de la escasa evidencia empírica aún disponible, se llega a la conclusión de que los nuevos movimientos de refugiados plantean dificultades para la observación y el análisis teórico y desafían el marco legal existente. Se necesitan más estudios y nuevos instrumentos de regulación para responder a la dimensión y a la complejidad de los flujos.
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