As trajetórias das mulheres sem filhos no Uruguai
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0115Palavras-chave:
Fecundidade, Nuliparidade definitiva, UruguaiResumo
O objetivo deste artigo é estudar as mulheres uruguaias que terminam sua vida reprodutiva sem filhos. Além de quantificar o fenômeno, procura-se responder às seguintes questões: quais são seus principais traços socioeconômicos? Quais são as trajetórias típicas que levam essas mulheres a não se tornarem mães? Até que ponto essa situação é o resultado de aspirações reprodutivas frustradas e até que ponto da vontade de não ter filhos? A estratégia metodológica é baseada na combinação de informações quantitativas e qualitativas, utilizando métodos mistos. Os resultados evidenciam que a proporção de mulheres nulíparas, ao final do ciclo reprodutivo, diminuiu de aproximadamente 25% para 10%, entre as nascidas em 1900-1960,
sendo que nos dados mais recentes é detectado um aumento incipiente. Além disso, há uma maior proporção de mulheres sem filhos entre as mulheres de alto nível educacional. Por fim, a tipologização das trajetórias que levam à nuliparidade definitiva reafirma a heterogeneidade de caminhos e atributos: embora tenham sido identificadas trajetórias guiadas pela intenção de não ter filhos, um importante grupo de mulheres chega ao final da vida reprodutiva como uma consequência não intencional do adiamento da maternidade.
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